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group intelligence
Group intelligence is a term used in a subset of the social psychology literature to refer to a process by which large numbers of people converge upon the same knowledge through group interaction. The term is not commonplace in the mainstream academic study of human intelligence.
Social psychologists study group intelligence and related topics such as decentralized decision making and group wisdom, using demographic information to study the ramifications for long-term social change. Marketing and behavioral finance experts use similar research to forecast consumer behavior (e.g. buying patterns) for corporate strategic purposes.
== Definition ==
The term group intelligence describes how, under the best circumstances, large numbers of people simultaneously converge upon the same knowledge. The term is often interchanged with the terms collective intelligence, cointelligence, crowd wisdom, and herd mentality.
James Surowiecki, in ''The Wisdom of Crowds'', claims that, counterintuitively, group intelligence requires independence of thought as well as superior judgment. Unlike herd behavior, group intelligence—like crowd wisdom—is a uniquely human phenomenon. And, unlike the terms herd behavior and herd mentality, group intelligence connotes more rational decision processes: based less upon emotional reactions and more upon knowledge and understanding.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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